Oil is the blood of the engine
Oil is the only fluid in contact with the majority of engine parts, it provides protection for moving parts.
Reducing friction increases engine efficiency and reduces wear. Detergent, antioxidant and dispersant components keep the engine clean and protect the engine from corrosion. The oil also cools engine parts thanks to its heat dissipation power.
The constraints and requirements of a motorcycle lubricant are completely different from those of an automotive lubricant (higher engine speed, lower casing capacity, different functions).
This is why company develop specific formulations to meet the most extreme demands.
An engine oil bottle is made up of several elements that are essential for the proper functioning of the engine. Depending on the products, 70% to 95% of base oil will be found.
There are different types of base oil:
Each formulation is completed with 5% to 30% additives such as additives:
Mineral base oils are extracted from the distillation of crude oil. Their low production cost may be suitable for certain types of vehicles subject to low mechanical stresses.
Synthetic base oils are derived from chemical transformation processes. Total control of the manufacturing process allows the creation of lubricants with excellent resistance for the most extreme applications.
Ester is a synthetic base oil of very high quality.
The use of ester-based oils provides high shear strength, excellent resistance to high temperatures and optimal protection, especially during cold starts.
The ester deposits a protective film on the internal parts of the engine, increasing its longevity and improving its operation.
The API standard (automobile petroleum institute) measures the performance of lubricants according to the following criteria:
Lubricity Motor cleanliness, Reduce smoke emissions.
Alphabetical classification allows products to be classified on a scale from the lowest to the highest performers.
The JASO standard (Japanese automotive society organisation) classifies motorcycle lubricants according to their level of friction.
A high level of friction (JASO MA2) prevents the risk of clutch slippage, and ensures optimal operation of the clutch and gearbox.
A low friction level (JASO MB) reduces fuel consumption for scooters with dry clutch.
The viscosity of an oil is its ability to resist flow and is measured in mm²/s.
To classify this the oils are classified with two indices.
The index before the W (Winter) is the cold viscosity index used to start the cold engine. There are 6 cold viscosity indices (0W-5W-10W-15W-15W-20W-20W-25W). The index following the W is the hot viscosity index (measured at 100°C). It characterizes the thickness of the oil film when hot. There are 4 hot viscosity indices (30-40-50-60).
In both cases, the lower the viscosity index, the more fluid the oil will be.
Speed and easyshift is an innovation specific to IPONE.
This innovation allows a fast and smooth gear shift increasing driving comfort.
The off-road version has been specifically designed to guarantee optimal protection of the clutch, which is very much in demand in off-road use, particularly when starting or restarting after a turn.
-The road version has been optimized for perfect engine operation at high rpm.
A 4-stroke engine oil is stored in the engine casings. Its purpose is to lubricate and cool all moving parts internal to the engine (pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, clutch, gearbox...).
A 2-stroke engine oil is of a completely different design, the 2-stroke engine oil must be able to mix easily with gasoline, resist extreme temperatures and be able to burn without leaving deposits. It lubricates by the passage of the mixture only the piston, the clutch and the crankshaft. In a two-stroke engine, the gearbox and clutch are lubricated by an oil different from that of the engine.
Company transmission oils are multigrade extreme pressure oils, characterized by a cold viscosity grade, a hot viscosity grade and an API standard.
As with motor oils, the higher the grade, the thicker the oil. The lower the grade, the more fluid the oil will be.
The ability of transmission oils to withstand the high loads generated by transmissions is classified by the API SAE J 308 JAN96 standard.
API GL4 :
For transmissions under moderately severe conditions, hypoid axles operating without load shock.
API GL5 :
For transmissions under very severe conditions. Hypoid bridges operating with load shocks.
Each fork is designed to operate with a given oil viscosity, so it is essential to use an oil corresponding to the manufacturer's recommendation for optimal fork operation.
For the same fork with a standard setting, the higher the oil viscosity, the stiffer the fork's behaviour.
The actual viscosity (in mm²/s or CST) of company oils is indicated in the technical data sheets of each of company products.
Brake fluid is an essential element contributing to your safety. It is therefore essential to pay the greatest attention to them and to scrupulously respect the manufacturer's recommendations.
The role of the brake fluid is to transmit the pressure generated by the transmitter to the caliper and pistons.
Some of the thermal energy thus transformed is therefore transmitted to the brake fluid that can reach its boiling point.
There are different brake fluids classified according to SAE and DOT standards.
The performance of the brake fluid is classified according to its viscosity, dry boiling point and wet boiling point.
There are brake fluids on the market type DOT5 that are not mixable with any other brake fluid.
Always refer to the markings on the brake fluid jar.